Give as many reasons as you can why some people did not want the serfs to learn how to read and write.Ĥ. Read law 30 of the village Custumal and source B. Describe what Elizabeth de Clare did to improve the education of the peasants who lived in the villages that she owned.ģ. Write a few sentences about the following types of school in the 14th century: (a) elementary song-school, (b) monastic school, (c) grammar school.Ģ. (1) Law passed by King Richard II and his Parliament in 1391. Students at Clare College attended lectures on law, medicine, religion and the arts. As well as donating a considerable amount of money she also became involved in deciding what the students should study. This provided an education for twenty scholars. In 1336 Elizabeth supplied the money for the foundation of Clare College, Cambridge. She also paid for those boys who showed talent to be educated at Oxford and Cambridge universities. She arranged for a large number of people who lived in her villages to be educated. Of these, 800 received a daily allowance from Elizabeth.Įlizabeth de Clare disagreed with the view that serfs should not go to school. Her accounts show that in one five-month period she gave help to over 5,000 different people. However, unlike a lot of rich people, Elizabeth believed it was important to help the poor. After the death of her third husband in 1322, Elizabeth decided against marrying again.Įlizabeth was one of the richest women in England. As well as studying, these students had to become teachers at the university.Įlizabeth de Clare, who inherited a third of the family estates after the death of her brother at Bannockburn, took a keen interest in education. If they wanted a Master of Arts degree they had to stay for another three years. Students at Oxford and Cambridge obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree by attending an agreed number of lectures. (1) A woodcut of an elementary song school. This meant that some of the boys were as young as thirteen. Founded in the 12th century, these two universities took boys as soon as they were considered to be ready for advanced studies. Oxford and Cambridge were the two main centres of learning in England. They also followed the Roman example of not spending much time on subjects such as mathematics and science. As well as grammar the boys were taught logic (the art of arguing) and rhetoric (the art of public speaking). Grammar schools were very similar to the schools established by the Romans. The main concern of these schools was to teach boys Latin grammar. Grammar schools were usually part of a cathedral or large church. This priory had been established by Richard de Clare in 1140. For example, sometimes boys from Yalding were given permission to work at St. In exchange for lessons these boys worked as servants in the monastery. Monastic schools sometimes taught local boys from poor families. The boys were taught by monks and all lessons were concerned with religious education. Monastic schools were for boys being trained for the church. If there was an educated priest available the boys might learn how to read and write. At this type of school young boys were taught to sing Latin hymns and songs. The elementary song-school was usually attached to a large church in a town. There were three main types of schools in the 14th century: the elementary song-school, the monastic school and the grammar school. It was usually only the sons from rich families that went to school. Some lords of the manor had laws banning serfs from being educated. It was extremely rare for peasants to be literate. In 1330 only about 5% of the population could read or write.
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